Diabetic Foot Care

Many diabetic foot problems arise from a combination of circumstances, but two factors are most common: peripheral vascular disease and peripheral neuropathy. Poor circulation causes hypo-sensitivity (reduced feeling), possibly resulting in ulcers, gangrene, and amputation. Neuropathy can result in charcot joints (a breakdown of the foot structure), multiple fractures, and deformities. Due to these complications, proper foot care and proper footwear take on a new importance to the diabetic.

Guidelines for Diabetic Foot Care:

  • Do not smoke.
  • Inspect the feet daily for blisters, cuts, and scratches. A mirror can aid in seeing the bottoms of the feet. Always check between the toes.
  • Wash feet daily. Dry them carefully, especially between the toes.
  • Avoid temperature extremes. Test water with elbow before bathing.
  • If feet feel cold at night, wear socks. Do not apply hot water bottles or heating pads. Do not soak feet in hot water.
  • Do not walk on hot surfaces such as sandy beaches or on the cement around swimming pools
  • Do not walk barefooted
  • Do not use chemical agents for the removal of corns and calluses. Do not use corn plasters. Do not use strong antiseptic solutions on the feet. Do not cut corns and calluses: follow special instructions from your health care provider.
  • Do not use adhesive tape on the feet.
  • Inspect the inside of shoes daily for foreign objects, nail points, torn linings, and rough areas.
  • If your vision is impaired, have a family member inspect feet daily, trim the nails and buff down calluses.
  • Do not soak feet.
  • Wear properly fitting stockings. Do not wear mended stockings. Avoid stockings with seams. Change stockings daily.
  • For dry feet, use a very thin coat of lubricating oil such as baby oil. Apply the oil after bathing and drying the feet. Do not put oil or cream between the toes. Consult your physician for detailed instructions.
  • Do not wear garters.
  • Shoes should be comfortable at time of purchase. Do not depend on shoes to stretch out. Shoes should be made of leather. Running shoes should be worn only after consulting your physician.
  • Do not wear shoes without stockings.
  • Do not wear sandals with thongs between the toes.
  • In cold weather, take special precautions. Wear wool socks and protective foot gear, such as fleece-lined boots.
  • Cut nails straight across
  • Avoid crossing your legs as this can cause pressure on the nerves and blood vessels.
  • See your physician regularly and be sure that your feet are examined at each visit.
  • Notify your health care provider at once should you develop a blister or sore on your foot.
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